ansible 命令行模块
ansible 命令行模块
1．command 模块
常用的参数：
chdir：在远程主机上运行命令前提前进入目录
creates：判断指定文件是否存在，如果存在，不执行后面的操作
removes：判断指定文件是否存在，如果存在，执行后面的操作
ansible-doc -s command #-s 列出指定模块的描述信息和操作动作
ansible 192.168.110.90 -m command -a 'date' #指定 ip 执行 date
192.168.110.90 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
2023年 07月 27日 星期四 18:16:41 CST
ansible webservers -m command -a 'date' #指定组执行 date
192.168.110.90 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
2023年 07月 27日 星期四 18:18:14 CST
ansible dbservers -m command -a 'date'
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
2023年 07月 27日 星期四 18:18:41 CST
ansible all -m command -a 'date' #all 代表所有 hosts 主机
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
2023年 07月 27日 星期四 18:19:08 CST
192.168.110.90 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
2023年 07月 27日 星期四 18:19:08 CST
ansible all -a 'ls /' #如省略 -m 模块，则默认运行 command 模块
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
192.168.110.71 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
192.168.110.72 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
192.168.110.73 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
192.168.110.74 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
192.168.110.75 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
2．shell 模块
在远程主机执行命令，相当于调用远程主机的shell进程，然后在该shell下打开一个子shell运行命令（支持管道符号等功能）
ansible-doc -s shell
ansible dbservers -m shell -a 'echo $(ifconfig ens32 | awk "NR==2 {print $2}") | cut -d " " -f2'
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
192.168.110.70
ansible dbservers -m shell -a 'echo $(ifconfig ens32 | awk "NR==2 {print \$2}")'
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
192.168.110.70
3．cron 模块
在远程主机定义任务计划。其中有两种状态（state）：present表示添加（可以省略），absent表示移除。
常用的参数：
minute/hour/day/month/weekday*：分/时/日/月/周
job*：任务计划要执行的命令
name：任务计划的名称
user：指定计划任务属于哪个用户，默认是root用户
ansible-doc -s cron #按 q 退出
ansible webservers -m cron -a 'minute="*/1" job="/bin/echo helloworld" name="test crontab"'
192.168.110.90 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"envs": [],
"jobs": [
"test crontab"
]
}
ansible webservers -a 'crontab -l'
192.168.110.90 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
#Ansible: test crontab
*/1 * * * * /bin/echo helloworld
ansible webservers -m cron -a 'name="test crontab" state=absent'
192.168.110.90 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"envs": [],
"jobs": []
}
4．user 模块
用户管理的模块
常用的参数：
name：用户名，必选参数
state=present|absent：创建账号或者删除账号，present表示创建，absent表示删除
system=yes|no：是否为系统账号
uid：用户uid
group：用户基本组
groups: 用户所属附加组
shell：默认使用的shell
create_home=yse|no: 是否创建家目录
password：用户的密码，建议使用加密后的字符串
remove=yes|no：当state=absent时，是否删除用户的家目录
ansible dbservers -m user -a 'name="test01"' #创建用户test01
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"comment": "",
"create_home": true,
"group": 1001,
"home": "/home/test01",
"name": "test01",
"shell": "/bin/bash",
"state": "present",
"system": false,
"uid": 1001
}
ansible dbservers -m command -a 'tail /etc/passwd'
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
gdm:x:42:42::/var/lib/gdm:/sbin/nologin
rpcuser:x:29:29:RPC Service User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin
nfsnobody:x:65534:65534:Anonymous NFS User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin
gnome-initial-setup:x:988:982::/run/gnome-initial-setup/:/sbin/nologin
sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin
avahi:x:70:70:Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack:/var/run/avahi-daemon:/sbin/nologin
postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin
tcpdump:x:72:72::/:/sbin/nologin
zxr:x:1000:1000:zxr:/home/zxr:/bin/bash
test01:x:1001:1001::/home/test01:/bin/bash
ansible dbservers -m user -a 'name="test01" state=absent' #删除用户test01
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"force": false,
"name": "test01",
"remove": false,
"state": "absent"
}
5．group 模块
用户组管理的模块
ansible-doc -s group
ansible dbservers -m group -a 'name=mysql gid=306 system=yes' #创建mysql组
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"gid": 306,
"name": "mysql",
"state": "present",
"system": true
}
ansible dbservers -a 'tail /etc/group'
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
nfsnobody:x:65534:
gnome-initial-setup:x:982:
sshd:x:74:
slocate:x:21:
avahi:x:70:
postdrop:x:90:
postfix:x:89:
tcpdump:x:72:
zxr:x:1000:zxr
mysql:x:306:
ansible dbservers -m user -a 'name=test01 uid=306 system=yes group=mysql' #将test01用户添加到mysql组中
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"comment": "",
"create_home": true,
"group": 306,
"home": "/home/test01",
"name": "test01",
"shell": "/bin/bash",
"state": "present",
"stderr": "useradd：警告：此主目录已经存在。\n不从 skel 目录里向其中复制任何文件。\n",
"stderr_lines": [
"useradd：警告：此主目录已经存在。",
"不从 skel 目录里向其中复制任何文件。"
],
"system": true,
"uid": 306
}
ansible dbservers -a 'tail /etc/passwd'
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
gdm:x:42:42::/var/lib/gdm:/sbin/nologin
rpcuser:x:29:29:RPC Service User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin
nfsnobody:x:65534:65534:Anonymous NFS User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin
gnome-initial-setup:x:988:982::/run/gnome-initial-setup/:/sbin/nologin
sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin
avahi:x:70:70:Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack:/var/run/avahi-daemon:/sbin/nologin
postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin
tcpdump:x:72:72::/:/sbin/nologin
zxr:x:1000:1000:zxr:/home/zxr:/bin/bash
test01:x:306:306::/home/test01:/bin/bash
ansible dbservers -a 'id test01'
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
uid=306(test01) gid=306(mysql) 组=306(mysql)
6．copy 模块
用于复制指定主机文件到远程主机的
ansible-doc -s copy
常用的参数：
dest:指出复制文件的目标及位置，使用绝对路径，如果源是目录，指目标也要是目录，如果目标文件已经存在会覆盖原有的内容
src:指出源文件的路径，可以使用相对路径或绝对路径，支持直接指定目录，如果源是目录则目标也要是目录
mode:指出复制时，目标文件的权限
owner:指出复制时，目标文件的属主
group:指出复制时，目标文件的属组
content:指出复制到目标主机上的内容，不能与src一起使用
ansible dbservers -m copy -a 'src=/etc/fstab dest=/opt/fstab.bak owner=root mode=640'
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"checksum": "a93e3b96865a2a3fa4d88221db3b2cafbdaee9ac",
"dest": "/opt/fstab.bak",
"gid": 0,
"group": "root",
"md5sum": "878d3b777c97cc833cc5fb5bbb261349",
"mode": "0640",
"owner": "root",
"secontext": "system_u:object_r:usr_t:s0",
"size": 465,
"src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1690454394.34-7438-50460992613640/source",
"state": "file",
"uid": 0
}
ansible dbservers -a 'ls -l /opt'
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
总用量 4
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 465 7月 27 18:39 fstab.bak
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 10月 31 2018 rh
ansible dbservers -a 'cat /opt/fstab.bak'
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Fri Jun 2 16:56:02 2023
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/centos-root / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=5cef2918-6cbd-4fab-a032-6459274e4141 /boot xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
ansible dbservers -m copy -a 'content="helloworld" dest=/opt/hello.txt' #将helloworld写入/opt/hello.txt文件中
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"checksum": "6adfb183a4a2c94a2f92dab5ade762a47889a5a1",
"dest": "/opt/hello.txt",
"gid": 0,
"group": "root",
"md5sum": "fc5e038d38a57032085441e7fe7010b0",
"mode": "0644",
"owner": "root",
"secontext": "system_u:object_r:usr_t:s0",
"size": 10,
"src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1690454577.74-7857-13428756128512/source",
"state": "file",
"uid": 0
}
ansible dbservers -a 'cat /opt/hello.txt'
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
helloworld
7．file 模块
设置文件属性
ansible-doc -s file
ansible dbservers -m file -a 'owner=test01 group=mysql mode=644 path=/opt/fstab.bak' #修改文件的属主属组权限等
192.168.110.70 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": false,
"gid": 306,
"group": "mysql",
"mode": "0644",
"owner": "test01",
"path": "/opt/fstab.bak",
"secontext": "system_u:object_r:usr_t:s0",
"size": 465,
"state": "file",
"uid": 306
}
ansible dbservers -m file -a 'path=/opt/fstab.link src=/opt/fstab.bak state=link' #设置/opt/fstab.link为/opt/fstab.bak的链接文件
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"dest": "/opt/fstab.link",
"gid": 0,
"group": "root",
"mode": "0777",
"owner": "root",
"secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:usr_t:s0",
"size": 14,
"src": "/opt/fstab.bak",
"state": "link",
"uid": 0
}
ansible dbservers -m file -a "path=/opt/abc.txt state=touch" #创建一个文件
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"dest": "/opt/abc.txt",
"gid": 0,
"group": "root",
"mode": "0644",
"owner": "root",
"secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:usr_t:s0",
"size": 0,
"state": "file",
"uid": 0
}
ansible dbservers -m file -a "path=/opt/abc.txt state=absent" #删除一个文件
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"path": "/opt/abc.txt",
"state": "absent"
}
8．hostname 模块
用于管理远程主机上的主机名
ansible dbservers -m hostname -a "name=mysql01"
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"ansible_domain": "",
"ansible_fqdn": "mysql01",
"ansible_hostname": "mysql01",
"ansible_nodename": "mysql01",
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"name": "mysql01"
}
9．ping 模块
检测远程主机的连通性
ansible all -m ping
192.168.110.90 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"
}
192.168.110.70 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"
}
10．yum 模块
在远程主机上安装与卸载软件包
ansible-doc -s yum
ansible webservers -m yum -a 'name=httpd' #安装服务
192.168.110.90 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"changes": {
"installed": [
"httpd"
]
},
"msg": "file:///mnt/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] curl#37 - \"Couldn't open file /mnt/repodata/repomd.xml\"\nTrying other mirror.\n",
"rc": 0,
"results": [
"Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks\nLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile\n * base: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn\n * extras: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn\n * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com\nResolving Dependencies\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1 will be installed\n--> Processing Dependency: httpd-tools = 2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1 for package: httpd-2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1.x86_64\n--> Processing Dependency: /etc/mime.types for package: httpd-2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1.x86_64\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1 will be installed\n---> Package mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.41-2.el7 will be installed\n--> Finished Dependency Resolution\n\nDependencies Resolved\n\n================================================================================\n Package Arch Version Repository Size\n================================================================================\nInstalling:\n httpd x86_64 2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1 updates 2.7 M\nInstalling for dependencies:\n httpd-tools x86_64 2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1 updates 94 k\n mailcap noarch 2.1.41-2.el7 base 31 k\n\nTransaction Summary\n================================================================================\nInstall 1 Package (+2 Dependent packages)\n\nTotal download size: 2.8 M\nInstalled size: 9.6 M\nDownloading packages:\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\nTotal 3.8 MB/s | 2.8 MB 00:00 \nRunning transaction check\nRunning transaction test\nTransaction test succeeded\nRunning transaction\n Installing : httpd-tools-2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1.x86_64 1/3 \n Installing : mailcap-2.1.41-2.el7.noarch 2/3 \n Installing : httpd-2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1.x86_64 3/3 \n Verifying : httpd-2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1.x86_64 1/3 \n Verifying : mailcap-2.1.41-2.el7.noarch 2/3 \n Verifying : httpd-tools-2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1.x86_64 3/3 \n\nInstalled:\n httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1 \n\nDependency Installed:\n httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1 mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.41-2.el7 \n\nComplete!\n"
]
}
ansible webservers -m yum -a 'name=httpd state=absent' #卸载服务
192.168.110.90 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"changes": {
"removed": [
"httpd"
]
},
"msg": "file:///mnt/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] curl#37 - \"Couldn't ope n file /mnt/repodata/repomd.xml\"\n正在尝试其它镜像。\n",
"rc": 0,
"results": [
"已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks\n正在解决依赖关系\n--> 正在检查事 务\n---> 软件包 httpd.x86_64.0.2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1 将被 删除\n--> 解决依赖关系 完成\n\n依赖关系解决\n\n======================================================== ========================\n Package 架构 版本 源 大小\n===================================================== ===========================\n正在删除:\n httpd x86_64 2.4.6-99.el7 .centos.1 @updates 9.4 M\n\n事务概要\n=========================== =====================================================\n移除 1 软件包\n\n安装大 小：9.4 M\nDownloading packages:\nRunning transaction check\nRunning transaction test\nTransaction test succeeded\nRunning transaction\n 正在删除 : httpd-2. 4.6-99.el7.centos.1.x86_64 1/1 \n 验证中 : httpd- 2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1.x86_64 1/1 \n\n删除:\n httpd.x86 _64 0:2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1 \n\n完毕！\ n"
]
}
11．service/systemd 模块
用于管理远程主机上的管理服务的运行状态
ansible-doc -s service
常用的参数：
name：被管理的服务名称
state=started|stopped|restarted：动作包含启动关闭或者重启
enabled=yes|no：表示是否设置该服务开机自启
runlevel：如果设定了enabled开机自启去，则要定义在哪些运行目标下自启动
ansible webservers -a 'systemctl status httpd' #查看web服务器httpd运行状态
192.168.110.90 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 四 2023-07-27 19:02:18 CST; 16s ago
Docs: man:httpd(8)
man:apachectl(8)
Main PID: 4775 (httpd)
Status: "Total requests: 0; Current requests/sec: 0; Current traffic: 0 B/sec"
Tasks: 6
CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
├─4775 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─4778 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─4779 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─4780 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─4781 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
└─4782 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
7月 27 19:02:18 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP Server...
7月 27 19:02:18 localhost.localdomain httpd[4775]: AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
7月 27 19:02:18 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP Server.
ansible webservers -m service -a 'enabled=true name=httpd state=started' #启动httpd服务
192.168.110.90 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"enabled": true,
"name": "httpd",
"state": "started",
"status": {
"ActiveEnterTimestamp": "四 2023-07-27 19:02:18 CST",
"ActiveEnterTimestampMonotonic": "3754857708",
"ActiveExitTimestampMonotonic": "0",
"ActiveState": "active",
"After": "-.mount tmp.mount remote-fs.target systemd-journald.socket network.target nss-lookup.target basic.target system.slice",
"AllowIsolate": "no",
"AmbientCapabilities": "0",
"AssertResult": "yes",
"AssertTimestamp": "四 2023-07-27 19:02:18 CST",
"AssertTimestampMonotonic": "3754788195",
"Before": "shutdown.target",
"BlockIOAccounting": "no",
"BlockIOWeight": "18446744073709551615",
"CPUAccounting": "no",
"CPUQuotaPerSecUSec": "infinity",
"CPUSchedulingPolicy": "0",
"CPUSchedulingPriority": "0",
"CPUSchedulingResetOnFork": "no",
"CPUShares": "18446744073709551615",
"CanIsolate": "no",
"CanReload": "yes",
"CanStart": "yes",
"CanStop": "yes",
"CapabilityBoundingSet": "18446744073709551615",
"CollectMode": "inactive",
"ConditionResult": "yes",
"ConditionTimestamp": "四 2023-07-27 19:02:18 CST",
"ConditionTimestampMonotonic": "3754788194",
"Conflicts": "shutdown.target",
"ControlGroup": "/system.slice/httpd.service",
"ControlPID": "0",
"DefaultDependencies": "yes",
"Delegate": "no",
"Description": "The Apache HTTP Server",
"DevicePolicy": "auto",
"Documentation": "man:httpd(8) man:apachectl(8)",
"EnvironmentFile": "/etc/sysconfig/httpd (ignore_errors=no)",
"ExecMainCode": "0",
"ExecMainExitTimestampMonotonic": "0",
"ExecMainPID": "4775",
"ExecMainStartTimestamp": "四 2023-07-27 19:02:18 CST",
"ExecMainStartTimestampMonotonic": "3754789462",
"ExecMainStatus": "0",
"ExecReload": "{ path=/usr/sbin/httpd ; argv[]=/usr/sbin/httpd $OPTIONS -k graceful ; ignore_errors=no ; start_time=[n/a] ; stop_time=[n/a] ; pid=0 ; code=(null) ; status=0/0 }",
"ExecStart": "{ path=/usr/sbin/httpd ; argv[]=/usr/sbin/httpd $OPTIONS -DFOREGROUND ; ignore_errors=no ; start_time=[四 2023-07-27 19:02:18 CST] ; stop_time=[n/a] ; pid=4775 ; code=(null) ; status=0/0 }",
"ExecStop": "{ path=/bin/kill ; argv[]=/bin/kill -WINCH ${MAINPID} ; ignore_errors=no ; start_time=[n/a] ; stop_time=[n/a] ; pid=0 ; code=(null) ; status=0/0 }",
"FailureAction": "none",
"FileDescriptorStoreMax": "0",
"FragmentPath": "/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service",
"GuessMainPID": "yes",
"IOScheduling": "0",
"Id": "httpd.service",
"IgnoreOnIsolate": "no",
"IgnoreOnSnapshot": "no",
"IgnoreSIGPIPE": "yes",
"InactiveEnterTimestampMonotonic": "0",
"InactiveExitTimestamp": "四 2023-07-27 19:02:18 CST",
"InactiveExitTimestampMonotonic": "3754789494",
"JobTimeoutAction": "none",
"JobTimeoutUSec": "0",
"KillMode": "control-group",
"KillSignal": "18",
"LimitAS": "18446744073709551615",
"LimitCORE": "18446744073709551615",
"LimitCPU": "18446744073709551615",
"LimitDATA": "18446744073709551615",
"LimitFSIZE": "18446744073709551615",
"LimitLOCKS": "18446744073709551615",
"LimitMEMLOCK": "65536",
"LimitMSGQUEUE": "819200",
"LimitNICE": "0",
"LimitNOFILE": "4096",
"LimitNPROC": "15594",
"LimitRSS": "18446744073709551615",
"LimitRTPRIO": "0",
"LimitRTTIME": "18446744073709551615",
"LimitSIGPENDING": "15594",
"LimitSTACK": "18446744073709551615",
"LoadState": "loaded",
"MainPID": "4775",
"MemoryAccounting": "no",
"MemoryCurrent": "18446744073709551615",
"MemoryLimit": "18446744073709551615",
"MountFlags": "0",
"Names": "httpd.service",
"NeedDaemonReload": "no",
"Nice": "0",
"NoNewPrivileges": "no",
"NonBlocking": "no",
"NotifyAccess": "main",
"OOMScoreAdjust": "0",
"OnFailureJobMode": "replace",
"PermissionsStartOnly": "no",
"PrivateDevices": "no",
"PrivateNetwork": "no",
"PrivateTmp": "yes",
"ProtectHome": "no",
"ProtectSystem": "no",
"RefuseManualStart": "no",
"RefuseManualStop": "no",
"RemainAfterExit": "no",
"Requires": "basic.target system.slice -.mount",
"RequiresMountsFor": "/var/tmp",
"Restart": "no",
"RestartUSec": "100ms",
"Result": "success",
"RootDirectoryStartOnly": "no",
"RuntimeDirectoryMode": "0755",
"SameProcessGroup": "no",
"SecureBits": "0",
"SendSIGHUP": "no",
"SendSIGKILL": "yes",
"Slice": "system.slice",
"StandardError": "inherit",
"StandardInput": "null",
"StandardOutput": "journal",
"StartLimitAction": "none",
"StartLimitBurst": "5",
"StartLimitInterval": "10000000",
"StartupBlockIOWeight": "18446744073709551615",
"StartupCPUShares": "18446744073709551615",
"StatusErrno": "0",
"StatusText": "Total requests: 0; Current requests/sec: 0; Current traffic: 0 B/sec",
"StopWhenUnneeded": "no",
"SubState": "running",
"SyslogLevelPrefix": "yes",
"SyslogPriority": "30",
"SystemCallErrorNumber": "0",
"TTYReset": "no",
"TTYVHangup": "no",
"TTYVTDisallocate": "no",
"TasksAccounting": "no",
"TasksCurrent": "6",
"TasksMax": "18446744073709551615",
"TimeoutStartUSec": "1min 30s",
"TimeoutStopUSec": "1min 30s",
"TimerSlackNSec": "50000",
"Transient": "no",
"Type": "notify",
"UMask": "0022",
"UnitFilePreset": "disabled",
"UnitFileState": "disabled",
"WatchdogTimestamp": "四 2023-07-27 19:02:18 CST",
"WatchdogTimestampMonotonic": "3754857677",
"WatchdogUSec": "0"
}
}
12．script 模块
实现远程批量运行本地的 shell 脚本
ansible-doc -s script
vim test.sh
#!/bin/bash
echo "hello ansible from script" > /opt/script.txt
chmod +x test.sh
ansible webservers -m script -a 'test.sh'
192.168.110.90 | CHANGED => {
"changed": true,
"rc": 0,
"stderr": "Shared connection to 192.168.110.90 closed.\r\n",
"stderr_lines": [
"Shared connection to 192.168.110.90 closed."
],
"stdout": "",
"stdout_lines": []
}
ansible webservers -a 'cat /opt/script.txt'
192.168.110.90 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
hello ansible from script
vim test.sh
#!/bin/bash
echo $1 > /opt/test.txt
echo s2 >> /opt/test .txt
ansible dbservers -m script -a 'test.sh abc 123!
13. mount 模块
挂载文件系统
ansible-doc -s mount
常用的参数：
src：定义挂载设备的路径
path：定义挂载到哪个目录，必须指定
fstype：指定挂载文件的系统类型，必须指定，xfs、iso9660、nfs...
opts：定义挂载的参数，defaults、rw、ro...
state：定义挂载的状态，mounted（进行挂载，修改/etc/fstab信息）、absent（永久性卸载，并修改 /etc/fstab信息）、unmounted（临时卸载，不修改/etc/fstab信息）
ansible dbservers -m mount -a 'src=/dev/sr0 path=/mnt state=mounted fstype=iso9660'
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"dump": "0",
"fstab": "/etc/fstab",
"fstype": "iso9660",
"name": "/mnt",
"opts": "defaults",
"passno": "0",
"src": "/dev/sr0"
}
[root@localhost opt]# df -hT
文件系统 类型 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
devtmpfs devtmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 2.0G 13M 2.0G 1% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs 36G 4.4G 31G 13% /
/dev/sda1 xfs 1014M 172M 843M 17% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 394M 12K 394M 1% /run/user/42
tmpfs tmpfs 394M 0 394M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0 iso9660 4.4G 4.4G 0 100% /mnt
14. archive 模块
打包压缩
ansible-doc -s archive
常用的参数：
path: 必须参数，远程主机上需要被打包压缩的源文件/目录
dest: 打包压缩后的包文件路径(包文件的父目录必须存在);如果包文件已存在，则会被覆盖
format: 指定压缩类型，包括: bz2、gz（默认）、tar、xz、zip
remove=yes|no: 是否删除源文件
ansible dbservers -m archive -a "path=/etc/yum.repos.d/ dest=/opt/repo.zip format=zip"
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"archived": [
"/etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo",
"/etc/yum.repos.d/repo.bak/CentOS-Base.repo",
"/etc/yum.repos.d/repo.bak/CentOS-CR.repo",
"/etc/yum.repos.d/repo.bak/CentOS-Debuginfo.repo",
"/etc/yum.repos.d/repo.bak/CentOS-fasttrack.repo",
"/etc/yum.repos.d/repo.bak/CentOS-Media.repo",
"/etc/yum.repos.d/repo.bak/CentOS-Sources.repo",
"/etc/yum.repos.d/repo.bak/CentOS-Vault.repo",
"/etc/yum.repos.d/repo.bak/CentOS-x86_64-kernel.repo"
],
"arcroot": "/etc/yum.repos.d/",
"changed": true,
"dest": "/opt/repo.zip",
"expanded_exclude_paths": [],
"expanded_paths": [
"/etc/yum.repos.d/"
],
"gid": 0,
"group": "root",
"missing": [],
"mode": "0644",
"owner": "root",
"secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:usr_t:s0",
"size": 4934,
"state": "file",
"uid": 0
}
ansible dbservers -m archive -a "path=/opt/abc.txt,/opt/123.txt dest=/opt/abc123.tar.gz format=gz remove=yes"
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"archived": [],
"arcroot": "/opt/",
"changed": true,
"dest": "/opt/abc123.tar.gz",
"expanded_exclude_paths": [],
"expanded_paths": [
"/opt/abc.txt",
"/opt/123.txt"
],
"gid": 0,
"group": "root",
"missing": [
"/opt/abc.txt",
"/opt/123.txt"
],
"mode": "0644",
"owner": "root",
"secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:usr_t:s0",
"size": 61,
"state": "file",
"uid": 0
}
15. unarchive 模块
解包解压缩
ansible-doc -s unarchive
常用的参数：
copy：默认为 copy=yes ，拷贝的文件从 ansible 主机复制到远程主机，copy=no 表示在远程主机上寻找源文件解压
src：tar包源路径，可以是 ansible 主机上的路径，也可以是远程主机上的路径，如果是远程主机上的路径，则需设置 copy=no
dest：解压后文件的目标绝对路径
remote_src: 和 copy 功能一样且互斥，设置 remote_src=yes 表示文件在远程主机上，设置为 remote_src=no 表示文件在 ansible 主机上
ansible dbservers -m unarchive -a "src=/opt/nginx-1.24.0.tar.gz dest=/root copy=yes" #将 ansible 主机的压缩文件拷贝到到远程主机并解压，修改文件所属组和用户
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"dest": "/root",
"extract_results": {
"cmd": [
"/usr/bin/gtar",
"--extract",
"-C",
"/root",
"-z",
"-f",
"/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1690457088.96-12391-121726958971989/source"
],
"err": "",
"out": "",
"rc": 0
},
"gid": 0,
"group": "root",
"handler": "TgzArchive",
"mode": "0550",
"owner": "root",
"secontext": "system_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0",
"size": 4096,
"src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1690457088.96-12391-121726958971989/source",
"state": "directory",
"uid": 0
}
或者：
ansible dbservers -m unarchive -a "src=/opt/abc.tar.gz dest=/root remote_src=no"
ansible dbservers -m unarchive -a "src=/opt/123.tar.gz dest=/root copy=no" #在远程主机解包
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"dest": "/root",
"extract_results": {
"cmd": [
"/usr/bin/gtar",
"--extract",
"-C",
"/root",
"-z",
"-f",
"/opt/yxc.tar.gz"
],
"err": "",
"out": "",
"rc": 0
},
"gid": 0,
"group": "root",
"handler": "TgzArchive",
"mode": "0550",
"owner": "root",
"secontext": "system_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0",
"size": 4096,
"src": "/opt/yxc.tar.gz",
"state": "directory",
"uid": 0
}
或者：
ansible dbservers -m unarchive -a "src=/opt/123.tar.gz dest=/root remote_src=yes"
16. replace 模块
类似于sed命令，主要也是基于正则进行匹配和替换
ansible-doc -s replace
常用的参数:
path：必须参数，指定要修改的文件
regexp：必须参数，指定一个正则表达式
replace：替换regexp参数匹配到的字符串
backup=yes|no: 修改源文件前创建一个包含时间戳信息的备份文件
before：如果指定，则仅替换/删除此匹配之前的内容，可以和after参数结合使用
after：如果指定，则仅替换/删除此匹配之后的内容，可以和before参数结合使用
owner：修改文件用户名
group：修改文件组名
mode：修改文件权限
vim /opt/test.txt
11 22 33 44 55 66
aa bb cc dd ee ff
1a 2b 3c 4d 5e 6f
ansible dbservers -m replace -a "path=/opt/test.txt regexp='33' replace='cc'" #匹配 333 并修改为 ccc
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"msg": "1 replacements made"
}
ansible dbservers -m replace -a "path=/opt/test.txt regexp='^(.*)' replace='#\1'" #匹配到任意一个或多个开头的行增加注释
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"msg": "4 replacements made"
}
#11 22 cc 44 55 66
#aa bb cc dd ee ff
#1a 2b 3c 4d 5e 6f
ansible dbservers -m replace -a "path=/opt/test.txt regexp='^#(.*)' replace='\1'" #取消注释
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"msg": "3 replacements made"
}
11 22 cc 44 55 66
aa bb cc dd ee ff
1a 2b 3c 4d 5e 6f
ansible dbservers -m replace -a "path=/opt/test.txt regexp='^(a.*)' replace='#\1'" #匹配以 a 开头的后面有一个或者多个字符的行，并在前面添加 # 注释
192.168.110.70 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"msg": "1 replacements made"
}
11 22 cc threethree 55 66
#aa bb cc dd ee ff
1a 2b 3c 4d 5e 6f
17．setup 模块
facts 组件是用来收集被管理节点信息的，使用 setup 模块可以获取这些信息
ansible-doc -s setup
ansible webservers -m setup #获取mysql组主机的facts信息
192.168.110.90 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"ansible_all_ipv4_addresses": [
"192.168.110.90",
"192.168.122.1"
],
"ansible_all_ipv6_addresses": [
"fe80::992:7f22:e337:709a"
],
"ansible_apparmor": {
"status": "disabled"
},
"ansible_architecture": "x86_64",
"ansible_bios_date": "11/12/2020",
"ansible_bios_version": "6.00",
"ansible_cmdline": {
"BOOT_IMAGE": "/vmlinuz-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64",
"LANG": "zh_CN.UTF-8",
"quiet": true,
"rd.lvm.lv": "centos/swap",
"rhgb": true,
"ro": true,
"root": "/dev/mapper/centos-root"
},
"ansible_date_time": {
"date": "2023-07-27",
"day": "27",
"epoch": "1690458049",
"hour": "19",
"iso8601": "2023-07-27T11:40:49Z",
"iso8601_basic": "20230727T194049404100",
"iso8601_basic_short": "20230727T194049",
"iso8601_micro": "2023-07-27T11:40:49.404100Z",
"minute": "40",
"month": "07",
"second": "49",
"time": "19:40:49",
"tz": "CST",
"tz_offset": "+0800",
"weekday": "星期四",
"weekday_number": "4",
"weeknumber": "30",
"year": "2023"
},
"ansible_default_ipv4": {
"address": "192.168.110.90",
"alias": "ens32",
"broadcast": "192.168.110.255",
"gateway": "192.168.110.2",
"interface": "ens32",
"macaddress": "00:0c:29:34:c3:f1",
"mtu": 1500,
"netmask": "255.255.255.0",
"network": "192.168.110.0",
"type": "ether"
},
"ansible_default_ipv6": {},
"ansible_device_links": {
"ids": {
"dm-0": [
"dm-name-centos-root",
"dm-uuid-LVM-hJTgeZV0N9q7nfGK5E9QDe1ew7OgUq1G0RnC6vjsObSPV2CKdBd2Dl6svlTDCPio"
],
"dm-1": [
"dm-name-centos-swap",
"dm-uuid-LVM-hJTgeZV0N9q7nfGK5E9QDe1ew7OgUq1GYOKsNtYiiM4F5QX5efYDdzOAwaSEsdzP"
],
"sda2": [
"lvm-pv-uuid-ATgT9o-q7Ts-R0Ib-4Zsz-gFfh-gwuY-6mlQQt"
],
"sr0": [
"ata-VMware_Virtual_IDE_CDROM_Drive_10000000000000000001"
]
},
"labels": {
"sr0": [
"CentOS\\x207\\x20x86_64"
]
},
"masters": {
"sda2": [
"dm-0",
"dm-1"
]
},
"uuids": {
"dm-0": [
"512e053e-94d9-400f-b4a5-990703560011"
],
"dm-1": [
"f1d08392-df6a-4310-a002-b48ca037974c"
],
"sda1": [
"6266bc55-79d5-402f-91a7-c28ebc8d36cb"
],
"sr0": [
"2020-11-04-11-36-43-00"
]
}
},
"ansible_devices": {
"dm-0": {
"holders": [],
"host": "",
"links": {
"ids": [
"dm-name-centos-root",
"dm-uuid-LVM-hJTgeZV0N9q7nfGK5E9QDe1ew7OgUq1G0RnC6vjsObSPV2CKdBd2Dl6svlTDCPio"
],
"labels": [],
"masters": [],
"uuids": [
"512e053e-94d9-400f-b4a5-990703560011"
]
},
"model": null,
"partitions": {},
"removable": "0",
"rotational": "1",
"sas_address": null,
"sas_device_handle": null,
"scheduler_mode": "",
"sectors": "73646080",
"sectorsize": "512",
"size": "35.12 GB",
"support_discard": "0",
"vendor": null,
"virtual": 1
},
"dm-1": {
"holders": [],
"host": "",
"links": {
"ids": [
"dm-name-centos-swap",
"dm-uuid-LVM-hJTgeZV0N9q7nfGK5E9QDe1ew7OgUq1GYOKsNtYiiM4F5QX5efYDdzOAwaSEsdzP"
],
"labels": [],
"masters": [],
"uuids": [
"f1d08392-df6a-4310-a002-b48ca037974c"
]
},
"model": null,
"partitions": {},
"removable": "0",
"rotational": "1",
"sas_address": null,
"sas_device_handle": null,
"scheduler_mode": "",
"sectors": "8126464",
"sectorsize": "512",
"size": "3.88 GB",
"support_discard": "0",
"vendor": null,
"virtual": 1
},
"sda": {
"holders": [],
"host": "SCSI storage controller: Broadcom / LSI 53c1030 PCI-X Fusion-MPT Dual Ultra320 SCSI (rev 01)",
"links": {
"ids": [],
"labels": [],
"masters": [],
"uuids": []
},
"model": "VMware Virtual S",
"partitions": {
"sda1": {
"holders": [],
"links": {
"ids": [],
"labels": [],
"masters": [],
"uuids": [
"6266bc55-79d5-402f-91a7-c28ebc8d36cb"
]
},
"sectors": "2097152",
"sectorsize": 512,
"size": "1.00 GB",
"start": "2048",
"uuid": "6266bc55-79d5-402f-91a7-c28ebc8d36cb"
},
"sda2": {
"holders": [
"centos-root",
"centos-swap"
],
"links": {
"ids": [
"lvm-pv-uuid-ATgT9o-q7Ts-R0Ib-4Zsz-gFfh-gwuY-6mlQQt"
],
"labels": [],
"masters": [
"dm-0",
"dm-1"
],
"uuids": []
},
"sectors": "81786880",
"sectorsize": 512,
"size": "39.00 GB",
"start": "2099200",
"uuid": null
}
},
"removable": "0",
"rotational": "1",
"sas_address": null,
"sas_device_handle": null,
"scheduler_mode": "deadline",
"sectors": "83886080",
"sectorsize": "512",
"size": "40.00 GB",
"support_discard": "0",
"vendor": "VMware,",
"virtual": 1
},
"sr0": {
"holders": [],
"host": "IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 IDE (rev 01)",
"links": {
"ids": [
"ata-VMware_Virtual_IDE_CDROM_Drive_10000000000000000001"
],
"labels": [
"CentOS\\x207\\x20x86_64"
],
"masters": [],
"uuids": [
"2020-11-04-11-36-43-00"
]
},
"model": "VMware IDE CDR10",
"partitions": {},
"removable": "1",
"rotational": "1",
"sas_address": null,
"sas_device_handle": null,
"scheduler_mode": "deadline",
"sectors": "9203712",
"sectorsize": "2048",
"size": "4.39 GB",
"support_discard": "0",
"vendor": "NECVMWar",
"virtual": 1
}
},
"ansible_distribution": "CentOS",
"ansible_distribution_file_parsed": true,
"ansible_distribution_file_path": "/etc/redhat-release",
"ansible_distribution_file_variety": "RedHat",
"ansible_distribution_major_version": "7",
"ansible_distribution_release": "Core",
"ansible_distribution_version": "7.9",
"ansible_dns": {
"nameservers": [
"192.168.110.2"
]
},
"ansible_domain": "localdomain",
"ansible_effective_group_id": 0,
"ansible_effective_user_id": 0,
"ansible_ens32": {
"active": true,
"device": "ens32",
"features": {
"busy_poll": "off [fixed]",
"fcoe_mtu": "off [fixed]",
"generic_receive_offload": "on",
"generic_segmentation_offload": "on",
"highdma": "off [fixed]",
"hw_tc_offload": "off [fixed]",
"l2_fwd_offload": "off [fixed]",
"large_receive_offload": "off [fixed]",
"loopback": "off [fixed]",
"netns_local": "off [fixed]",
"ntuple_filters": "off [fixed]",
"receive_hashing": "off [fixed]",
"rx_all": "off",
"rx_checksumming": "off",
"rx_fcs": "off",
"rx_gro_hw": "off [fixed]",
"rx_udp_tunnel_port_offload": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_filter": "on [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_offload": "on",
"rx_vlan_stag_filter": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_stag_hw_parse": "off [fixed]",
"scatter_gather": "on",
"tcp_segmentation_offload": "on",
"tx_checksum_fcoe_crc": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_ip_generic": "on",
"tx_checksum_ipv4": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_ipv6": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_sctp": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksumming": "on",
"tx_fcoe_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gre_csum_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gre_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gso_partial": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gso_robust": "off [fixed]",
"tx_ipip_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_lockless": "off [fixed]",
"tx_nocache_copy": "off",
"tx_scatter_gather": "on",
"tx_scatter_gather_fraglist": "off [fixed]",
"tx_sctp_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_sit_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_tcp6_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_tcp_ecn_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_tcp_mangleid_segmentation": "off",
"tx_tcp_segmentation": "on",
"tx_udp_tnl_csum_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_udp_tnl_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_vlan_offload": "on [fixed]",
"tx_vlan_stag_hw_insert": "off [fixed]",
"udp_fragmentation_offload": "off [fixed]",
"vlan_challenged": "off [fixed]"
},
"hw_timestamp_filters": [],
"ipv4": {
"address": "192.168.110.90",
"broadcast": "192.168.110.255",
"netmask": "255.255.255.0",
"network": "192.168.110.0"
},
"ipv6": [
{
"address": "fe80::992:7f22:e337:709a",
"prefix": "64",
"scope": "link"
}
],
"macaddress": "00:0c:29:34:c3:f1",
"module": "e1000",
"mtu": 1500,
"pciid": "0000:02:00.0",
"promisc": false,
"speed": 1000,
"timestamping": [
"tx_software",
"rx_software",
"software"
],
"type": "ether"
},
"ansible_env": {
"HOME": "/root",
"LANG": "C",
"LC_ALL": "C",
"LC_NUMERIC": "C",
"LESSOPEN": "||/usr/bin/lesspipe.sh %s",
"LOGNAME": "root",
"LS_COLORS": "rs=0:di=01;34:ln=01;36:mh=00:pi=40;33:so=01;35:do=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=40;31;01:mi=01;05;37;41:su=37;41:sg=30;43:ca=30;41:tw=30;42:ow=34;42:st=37;44:ex=01;32:*.tar=01;31:*.tgz=01;31:*.arc=01;31:*.arj=01;31:*.taz=01;31:*.lha=01;31:*.lz4=01;31:*.lzh=01;31:*.lzma=01;31:*.tlz=01;31:*.txz=01;31:*.tzo=01;31:*.t7z=01;31:*.zip=01;31:*.z=01;31:*.Z=01;31:*.dz=01;31:*.gz=01;31:*.lrz=01;31:*.lz=01;31:*.lzo=01;31:*.xz=01;31:*.bz2=01;31:*.bz=01;31:*.tbz=01;31:*.tbz2=01;31:*.tz=01;31:*.deb=01;31:*.rpm=01;31:*.jar=01;31:*.war=01;31:*.ear=01;31:*.sar=01;31:*.rar=01;31:*.alz=01;31:*.ace=01;31:*.zoo=01;31:*.cpio=01;31:*.7z=01;31:*.rz=01;31:*.cab=01;31:*.jpg=01;35:*.jpeg=01;35:*.gif=01;35:*.bmp=01;35:*.pbm=01;35:*.pgm=01;35:*.ppm=01;35:*.tga=01;35:*.xbm=01;35:*.xpm=01;35:*.tif=01;35:*.tiff=01;35:*.png=01;35:*.svg=01;35:*.svgz=01;35:*.mng=01;35:*.pcx=01;35:*.mov=01;35:*.mpg=01;35:*.mpeg=01;35:*.m2v=01;35:*.mkv=01;35:*.webm=01;35:*.ogm=01;35:*.mp4=01;35:*.m4v=01;35:*.mp4v=01;35:*.vob=01;35:*.qt=01;35:*.nuv=01;35:*.wmv=01;35:*.asf=01;35:*.rm=01;35:*.rmvb=01;35:*.flc=01;35:*.avi=01;35:*.fli=01;35:*.flv=01;35:*.gl=01;35:*.dl=01;35:*.xcf=01;35:*.xwd=01;35:*.yuv=01;35:*.cgm=01;35:*.emf=01;35:*.axv=01;35:*.anx=01;35:*.ogv=01;35:*.ogx=01;35:*.aac=01;36:*.au=01;36:*.flac=01;36:*.mid=01;36:*.midi=01;36:*.mka=01;36:*.mp3=01;36:*.mpc=01;36:*.ogg=01;36:*.ra=01;36:*.wav=01;36:*.axa=01;36:*.oga=01;36:*.spx=01;36:*.xspf=01;36:",
"MAIL": "/var/mail/root",
"PATH": "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin",
"PWD": "/root",
"SELINUX_LEVEL_REQUESTED": "",
"SELINUX_ROLE_REQUESTED": "",
"SELINUX_USE_CURRENT_RANGE": "",
"SHELL": "/bin/bash",
"SHLVL": "2",
"SSH_CLIENT": "192.168.110.100 34118 22",
"SSH_CONNECTION": "192.168.110.100 34118 192.168.110.90 22",
"SSH_TTY": "/dev/pts/1",
"TERM": "xterm",
"USER": "root",
"XDG_DATA_DIRS": "/root/.local/share/flatpak/exports/share:/var/lib/flatpak/exports/share:/usr/local/share:/usr/share",
"XDG_RUNTIME_DIR": "/run/user/0",
"XDG_SESSION_ID": "32",
"_": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"ansible_fibre_channel_wwn": [],
"ansible_fips": false,
"ansible_form_factor": "Other",
"ansible_fqdn": "localhost.localdomain",
"ansible_hostname": "localhost",
"ansible_hostnqn": "",
"ansible_interfaces": [
"lo",
"ens32",
"virbr0-nic",
"virbr0"
],
"ansible_is_chroot": false,
"ansible_iscsi_iqn": "iqn.1994-05.com.redhat:d61bd50d66d",
"ansible_kernel": "3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64",
"ansible_kernel_version": "#1 SMP Mon Oct 19 16:18:59 UTC 2020",
"ansible_lo": {
"active": true,
"device": "lo",
"features": {
"busy_poll": "off [fixed]",
"fcoe_mtu": "off [fixed]",
"generic_receive_offload": "on",
"generic_segmentation_offload": "on",
"highdma": "on [fixed]",
"hw_tc_offload": "off [fixed]",
"l2_fwd_offload": "off [fixed]",
"large_receive_offload": "off [fixed]",
"loopback": "on [fixed]",
"netns_local": "on [fixed]",
"ntuple_filters": "off [fixed]",
"receive_hashing": "off [fixed]",
"rx_all": "off [fixed]",
"rx_checksumming": "on [fixed]",
"rx_fcs": "off [fixed]",
"rx_gro_hw": "off [fixed]",
"rx_udp_tunnel_port_offload": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_filter": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_offload": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_stag_filter": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_stag_hw_parse": "off [fixed]",
"scatter_gather": "on",
"tcp_segmentation_offload": "on",
"tx_checksum_fcoe_crc": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_ip_generic": "on [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_ipv4": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_ipv6": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_sctp": "on [fixed]",
"tx_checksumming": "on",
"tx_fcoe_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gre_csum_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gre_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gso_partial": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gso_robust": "off [fixed]",
"tx_ipip_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_lockless": "on [fixed]",
"tx_nocache_copy": "off [fixed]",
"tx_scatter_gather": "on [fixed]",
"tx_scatter_gather_fraglist": "on [fixed]",
"tx_sctp_segmentation": "on",
"tx_sit_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_tcp6_segmentation": "on",
"tx_tcp_ecn_segmentation": "on",
"tx_tcp_mangleid_segmentation": "on",
"tx_tcp_segmentation": "on",
"tx_udp_tnl_csum_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_udp_tnl_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_vlan_offload": "off [fixed]",
"tx_vlan_stag_hw_insert": "off [fixed]",
"udp_fragmentation_offload": "on",
"vlan_challenged": "on [fixed]"
},
"hw_timestamp_filters": [],
"ipv4": {
"address": "127.0.0.1",
"broadcast": "",
"netmask": "255.0.0.0",
"network": "127.0.0.0"
},
"ipv6": [
{
"address": "::1",
"prefix": "128",
"scope": "host"
}
],
"mtu": 65536,
"promisc": false,
"timestamping": [
"rx_software",
"software"
],
"type": "loopback"
},
"ansible_local": {},
"ansible_lsb": {},
"ansible_lvm": {
"lvs": {
"root": {
"size_g": "35.12",
"vg": "centos"
},
"swap": {
"size_g": "3.88",
"vg": "centos"
}
},
"pvs": {
"/dev/sda2": {
"free_g": "0.00",
"size_g": "39.00",
"vg": "centos"
}
},
"vgs": {
"centos": {
"free_g": "0.00",
"num_lvs": "2",
"num_pvs": "1",
"size_g": "39.00"
}
}
},
"ansible_machine": "x86_64",
"ansible_machine_id": "56c56608bff34ef8a0c395066eb191f4",
"ansible_memfree_mb": 2770,
"ansible_memory_mb": {
"nocache": {
"free": 3306,
"used": 625
},
"real": {
"free": 2770,
"total": 3931,
"used": 1161
},
"swap": {
"cached": 0,
"free": 3967,
"total": 3967,
"used": 0
}
},
"ansible_memtotal_mb": 3931,
"ansible_mounts": [
{
"block_available": 215704,
"block_size": 4096,
"block_total": 259584,
"block_used": 43880,
"device": "/dev/sda1",
"fstype": "xfs",
"inode_available": 523948,
"inode_total": 524288,
"inode_used": 340,
"mount": "/boot",
"options": "rw,seclabel,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota",
"size_available": 883523584,
"size_total": 1063256064,
"uuid": "6266bc55-79d5-402f-91a7-c28ebc8d36cb"
},
{
"block_available": 1587537,
"block_size": 4096,
"block_total": 9201265,
"block_used": 7613728,
"device": "/dev/mapper/centos-root",
"fstype": "xfs",
"inode_available": 12700455,
"inode_total": 13101192,
"inode_used": 400737,
"mount": "/",
"options": "rw,seclabel,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota",
"size_available": 6502551552,
"size_total": 37688381440,
"uuid": "512e053e-94d9-400f-b4a5-990703560011"
}
],
"ansible_nodename": "localhost.localdomain",
"ansible_os_family": "RedHat",
"ansible_pkg_mgr": "yum",
"ansible_proc_cmdline": {
"BOOT_IMAGE": "/vmlinuz-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64",
"LANG": "zh_CN.UTF-8",
"quiet": true,
"rd.lvm.lv": [
"centos/root",
"centos/swap"
],
"rhgb": true,
"ro": true,
"root": "/dev/mapper/centos-root"
},
"ansible_processor": [
"0",
"GenuineIntel",
"11th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-1135G7 @ 2.40GHz",
"1",
"GenuineIntel",
"11th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-1135G7 @ 2.40GHz"
],
"ansible_processor_cores": 1,
"ansible_processor_count": 2,
"ansible_processor_threads_per_core": 1,
"ansible_processor_vcpus": 2,
"ansible_product_name": "VMware Virtual Platform",
"ansible_product_serial": "VMware-56 4d 51 84 c4 5b 84 cc-2c 9e 67 5c 89 34 c3 f1",
"ansible_product_uuid": "84514D56-5BC4-CC84-2C9E-675C8934C3F1",
"ansible_product_version": "None",
"ansible_python": {
"executable": "/usr/bin/python",
"has_sslcontext": true,
"type": "CPython",
"version": {
"major": 2,
"micro": 5,
"minor": 7,
"releaselevel": "final",
"serial": 0
},
"version_info": [
2,
7,
5,
"final",
0
]
},
"ansible_python_version": "2.7.5",
"ansible_real_group_id": 0,
"ansible_real_user_id": 0,
"ansible_selinux": {
"config_mode": "enforcing",
"mode": "enforcing",
"policyvers": 31,
"status": "enabled",
"type": "targeted"
},
"ansible_selinux_python_present": true,
"ansible_service_mgr": "systemd",
"ansible_ssh_host_key_ecdsa_public": "AAAAE2VjZHNhLXNoYTItbmlzdHAyNTYAAAAIbmlzdHAyNTYAAABBBNzyuLM4qzFFelYr5QIDKGI80S4WUIHiZEZBKC6e3UwwIc1rCWpYXhaLfcjc3XCRLhYMUCKJLIFZEcHccB3bTTU=",
"ansible_ssh_host_key_ed25519_public": "AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIEcN4TTRNEO2wevqbqWEuL3U23N9V7GBmiNm+7m94bcU",
"ansible_ssh_host_key_rsa_public": "AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQCcM56Mx4Mh08z3da0jycoZtgEd/kOls9niGAK4iLJrAFCtZbN0naBL0yn4V2KtpTh/acDdwvVVypMFHsg3M4JXpr8HBEiqHRhqLRU+ftT/8jmdaLE5pTttr7djuI+2HTtmh40BwYUiWZTRT8j9huvl3p0BraIzUhkQDvwkkWyLlz8j6rPJnjLvWFyDhNRwpop0StL3OBoMfvFEQioU91YrgImwuizYcrnEvNdBxHLqNu13cgCiIq53UoUD+FcTAg1lu51bg8MS1qsUT7bABg+ijXmOmtqB4NRpX4eKNC55p+7CcNyEsklVxow1M6YG80ox4I18hDJlIeti042mJsJv",
"ansible_swapfree_mb": 3967,
"ansible_swaptotal_mb": 3967,
"ansible_system": "Linux",
"ansible_system_capabilities": [
"cap_chown",
"cap_dac_override",
"cap_dac_read_search",
"cap_fowner",
"cap_fsetid",
"cap_kill",
"cap_setgid",
"cap_setuid",
"cap_setpcap",
"cap_linux_immutable",
"cap_net_bind_service",
"cap_net_broadcast",
"cap_net_admin",
"cap_net_raw",
"cap_ipc_lock",
"cap_ipc_owner",
"cap_sys_module",
"cap_sys_rawio",
"cap_sys_chroot",
"cap_sys_ptrace",
"cap_sys_pacct",
"cap_sys_admin",
"cap_sys_boot",
"cap_sys_nice",
"cap_sys_resource",
"cap_sys_time",
"cap_sys_tty_config",
"cap_mknod",
"cap_lease",
"cap_audit_write",
"cap_audit_control",
"cap_setfcap",
"cap_mac_override",
"cap_mac_admin",
"cap_syslog",
"35",
"36+ep"
],
"ansible_system_capabilities_enforced": "True",
"ansible_system_vendor": "VMware, Inc.",
"ansible_uptime_seconds": 6065,
"ansible_user_dir": "/root",
"ansible_user_gecos": "root",
"ansible_user_gid": 0,
"ansible_user_id": "root",
"ansible_user_shell": "/bin/bash",
"ansible_user_uid": 0,
"ansible_userspace_architecture": "x86_64",
"ansible_userspace_bits": "64",
"ansible_virbr0": {
"active": false,
"device": "virbr0",
"features": {
"busy_poll": "off [fixed]",
"fcoe_mtu": "off [fixed]",
"generic_receive_offload": "on",
"generic_segmentation_offload": "on",
"highdma": "off [requested on]",
"hw_tc_offload": "off [fixed]",
"l2_fwd_offload": "off [fixed]",
"large_receive_offload": "off [fixed]",
"loopback": "off [fixed]",
"netns_local": "on [fixed]",
"ntuple_filters": "off [fixed]",
"receive_hashing": "off [fixed]",
"rx_all": "off [fixed]",
"rx_checksumming": "off [fixed]",
"rx_fcs": "off [fixed]",
"rx_gro_hw": "off [fixed]",
"rx_udp_tunnel_port_offload": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_filter": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_offload": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_stag_filter": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_stag_hw_parse": "off [fixed]",
"scatter_gather": "on",
"tcp_segmentation_offload": "on",
"tx_checksum_fcoe_crc": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_ip_generic": "on",
"tx_checksum_ipv4": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_ipv6": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_sctp": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksumming": "on",
"tx_fcoe_segmentation": "off [requested on]",
"tx_gre_csum_segmentation": "on",
"tx_gre_segmentation": "on",
"tx_gso_partial": "on",
"tx_gso_robust": "off [requested on]",
"tx_ipip_segmentation": "on",
"tx_lockless": "on [fixed]",
"tx_nocache_copy": "off",
"tx_scatter_gather": "on",
"tx_scatter_gather_fraglist": "on",
"tx_sctp_segmentation": "off [requested on]",
"tx_sit_segmentation": "on",
"tx_tcp6_segmentation": "on",
"tx_tcp_ecn_segmentation": "on",
"tx_tcp_mangleid_segmentation": "on",
"tx_tcp_segmentation": "on",
"tx_udp_tnl_csum_segmentation": "on",
"tx_udp_tnl_segmentation": "on",
"tx_vlan_offload": "on",
"tx_vlan_stag_hw_insert": "on",
"udp_fragmentation_offload": "off [requested on]",
"vlan_challenged": "off [fixed]"
},
"hw_timestamp_filters": [],
"id": "8000.525400fc1bcc",
"interfaces": [
"virbr0-nic"
],
"ipv4": {
"address": "192.168.122.1",
"broadcast": "192.168.122.255",
"netmask": "255.255.255.0",
"network": "192.168.122.0"
},
"macaddress": "52:54:00:fc:1b:cc",
"mtu": 1500,
"promisc": false,
"stp": true,
"timestamping": [
"rx_software",
"software"
],
"type": "bridge"
},
"ansible_virbr0_nic": {
"active": false,
"device": "virbr0-nic",
"features": {
"busy_poll": "off [fixed]",
"fcoe_mtu": "off [fixed]",
"generic_receive_offload": "on",
"generic_segmentation_offload": "on",
"highdma": "off [fixed]",
"hw_tc_offload": "off [fixed]",
"l2_fwd_offload": "off [fixed]",
"large_receive_offload": "off [fixed]",
"loopback": "off [fixed]",
"netns_local": "off [fixed]",
"ntuple_filters": "off [fixed]",
"receive_hashing": "off [fixed]",
"rx_all": "off [fixed]",
"rx_checksumming": "off [fixed]",
"rx_fcs": "off [fixed]",
"rx_gro_hw": "off [fixed]",
"rx_udp_tunnel_port_offload": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_filter": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_offload": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_stag_filter": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_stag_hw_parse": "off [fixed]",
"scatter_gather": "on",
"tcp_segmentation_offload": "off",
"tx_checksum_fcoe_crc": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_ip_generic": "off [requested on]",
"tx_checksum_ipv4": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_ipv6": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_sctp": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksumming": "off",
"tx_fcoe_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gre_csum_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gre_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gso_partial": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gso_robust": "off [fixed]",
"tx_ipip_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_lockless": "on [fixed]",
"tx_nocache_copy": "off",
"tx_scatter_gather": "on",
"tx_scatter_gather_fraglist": "on",
"tx_sctp_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_sit_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_tcp6_segmentation": "off [requested on]",
"tx_tcp_ecn_segmentation": "off [requested on]",
"tx_tcp_mangleid_segmentation": "off",
"tx_tcp_segmentation": "off [requested on]",
"tx_udp_tnl_csum_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_udp_tnl_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_vlan_offload": "on",
"tx_vlan_stag_hw_insert": "on",
"udp_fragmentation_offload": "off [requested on]",
"vlan_challenged": "off [fixed]"
},
"hw_timestamp_filters": [],
"macaddress": "52:54:00:fc:1b:cc",
"mtu": 1500,
"promisc": true,
"timestamping": [
"rx_software",
"software"
],
"type": "ether"
},
"ansible_virtualization_role": "guest",
"ansible_virtualization_type": "VMware",
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python",
"gather_subset": [
"all"
],
"module_setup": true
},
"changed": false
}
ansible dbservers -m setup -a 'filter=*ipv4' #使用filter可以筛选指定的facts信息
192.168.110.70 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"ansible_default_ipv4": {
"address": "192.168.110.70",
"alias": "ens32",
"broadcast": "192.168.110.255",
"gateway": "192.168.110.2",
"interface": "ens32",
"macaddress": "00:0c:29:e4:96:c1",
"mtu": 1500,
"netmask": "255.255.255.0",
"network": "192.168.110.0",
"type": "ether"
},
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": false
}
18. hosts模块
ansible_ssh_host # 目标主机地址
ansible_ssh_port # 目标主机端口，默认22
ansible_ssh_user # 目标主机用户
ansible_ssh_pass # 目标主机ssh密码
ansible_sudo_pass # sudo密码
ansible_sudo_exe
ansible_connection # 与主机的连接类型，比如：local,ssh或者paramiko
ansible_ssh_private_key_file # 私钥地址
ansible_shell_type # 目标系统的shell类型
ansible_python_interpreter # python版本
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